On January 28, a regular scientific seminar was held at the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies. The leading researcher of the Bioadaptation laboratory, PhD in biologyNargizSultanova gave a presentation on the topic “Molecular aspects of plant responses to pathogens, the role of small RNAs in these processes”. She shared information about plant defense mechanisms induced against various biotic stresses, different signaling systems, pathogenicity and virulence, genes of disease-resistant inductors, phytoimmunity and its species, proteins associated with pathogenesis, hypersensitivity reactions. At the same time, she spoke about RNA interference as a defense mechanism against viruses in plants, and small interferencingRNAs (siRNA) involved in these processes. Recently RNA interference has been widely used in the treatment of hereditary diseases, various neurodegenerative diseases, malignant tumors, as well as in the antiviral treatment, and in recent years, the research in these areas has become widespread.  The possibility of preparing measures to combat pathogens by studying the molecular mechanisms of plant-pathogen interaction and agents that induce resistance to pathogens and prospects that can be obtained from the development strategy of genetic engineering have been widely discussed in the seminar.