An article entitled “Drug Addiction and the Scientific Foundations of Combating It: Global Challenges and National Priorities” by Academician Irada Huseynova, Acting Director of the Institute of Molecular Biology of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan, has been published in the newspaper “Iki Sahil”. The article notes that drug addiction is one of the most complex socio-biological challenges of the 21st century, posing a serious threat to public health, social stability, and national security. It emphasizes that substance dependence is a chronic disease formed as a result of the interaction of neurobiological, genetic, psychological, and social factors. The publication analyzes the changes occurring in the global drug market, particularly the spread of synthetic and new psychoactive substances, as well as the impact of digital technologies on drug trafficking and distribution. The article also explains the approaches of international organizations and highlights the importance of a comprehensive strategy that integrates prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and social reintegration in combating drug addiction. At the same time, the article presents the state policy implemented in Azerbaijan in this field and offers scientific and strategic recommendations aimed at improving the effectiveness of anti-drug efforts.