On April 8, a seminar dedicated to “Science Day” was held at the Institute of Molecular Biology, MSE AR. At the seminar, Ilhama Jafarli, a doctoral candidate of the Institute of Molecular Biology and a pediatric surgeon at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital (London, UK), delivered a presentation entitled “The role of androgen receptors in reconstruction in genital anomalies and androgen insensitivity syndrome.” The speaker noted that Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) is one of the rare hereditary conditions and is mainly observed in individuals who are genetically male (46, XY). In this condition, although male hormones, testosterone and its more potent form, dihydrotestosterone, are present at normal levels, the body does not respond to them appropriately. This is due to genetic alterations in a specific protein known as the androgen receptor. Under normal conditions, this receptor binds hormones and transmits signals to cells for “male-type development.” However, in AIS, this mechanism is disrupted. As a result, male sexual characteristics do not fully develop, and in some cases, the external phenotype may be closer to female. In modern medicine, approaches to AIS are individualized. Hormone therapy and medical monitoring play a key role. At the same time, this field remains highly relevant for understanding the mechanisms of hormone action and for the future development of genetic treatment methods. Ilhama Jafarli’s presentation attracted great interest among the seminar participants. The speaker answered numerous questions, followed by active discussions on the topic.